XriqÀ: ]Xn\mdmw \qäm~phsc tIcf¯nse kpdnbm\n It¯men¡cpsS tI{µambn \ne\n¶ sImSp§Ãqcns\ Ime{]hml¯n \mw ad¶p. tIcf¯nse BZys¯ ss{IkvXh kaqlw ChnsSbmWv cq]s¸«Xv. tIcf ss{IkvXhk`bpsS Ncn{X¯n "sImSp§ÃqÀ AXncq]X' F¶dnbs¸« Cu hnip² Xoc¯nsâ {]uVnbpw ]mc¼cyhpw ]pXnbIme¯v tcJs¸Sp¯nbnSm\pÅ bXv\¯nemWv Ccn§me¡pS cq]XbpsS \hkmcYn amÀ t]mfn I®q¡mS³.
Gsd¡meambn a\Ên Xmtemen¨ncp¶ B kz]v\ ]²Xn¡v, _nj¸mbn Øm\taäbpS³ At±lw cq]tcJ X¿mdm¡m³ XpS§nbncp¶p. AXmWv "sImSp§ÃqÀ dntkÀ¨v A¡mZan t^mÀ amÀ tXma sldntäPv'.
aq¶p ]²XnIfmWv At±l¯nsâ a\ÊnepÅXv: amÀ tXmam ]mc¼cyhpw Ncn{Xhpw ]Tn¡m\pw Ahsb¸än KthjWw sN¿m\pw DXIp¶ A¡mZan AXnsem¶v. asäm¶v, CXn\Iw bmYmÀYyambn¡gnª "s»kv F tlmw' ]²Xn. aq¶mat¯Xv, tcmKnIÄ¡pw \nÀ[\À¡papÅ Hcp ]p\c[nhmktI{µwþkmaqlnI hnZym`ymk BXpcip{iqj kuIcy§tfmsS.
Xsâ kz]v\]²XnIsf¸än amÀ t]mfn I®q¡mS³ "It¯men¡mk`' hmb\¡mtcmSv a\kp Xpd¡p¶p:
`mcX A¸kvtXme\mb amÀ tXmamÇolmbpsS ]mZkv]Àitaä a®mWv sImSp§ÃqÀ. hnizmk¯nsâ BZyssI¯ncn sXfnª ss]XrI `qan. ChnsS \n¶mWv tXmamÇol tIcf¯nse§pw t{]jnXthe XpS§p¶Xv. CXmWv sImSp§Ãqcn\v Ncn{X¯nepÅ Gähpw henb {]m[m\yw \ÂIp¶Xv.
1887  kpdnbm\n It¯men¡À¡mbn kz´w lbcmÀ¡n Øm]n¡s¸Sp¶Xphsc sImSp§Ãqcn\p tKmh tI{µambpÅ e¯o³ cq]XbpsS Øm\nI ]Zhnbp~mbncp¶p.
kpdnbm\n It¯men¡cpsS BZy Xt±iob sa{Xm\mbn \ntbmKn¡s¸« amÀ Icnbmänsb sImSp§Ãqcnsâ sa{Xmt¸meo¯bmbmWv Ncn{Xw tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xv. At±l¯n\p ChnsS h¶p Øm\ta¡m³ IgnªnsöXv asämcp Ncn{Xw.
sImSp§Ãqcn \n¶v cq]Xm BØm\w ]n¶oSv A¦amenbnte¡v amdnbt¸mgpw, sImSp§Ãqcnsâ {][m\yw Ipdªncp¶nÃ. sImSp§Ãqcn ]e Ime§fn `cWw \S¯nb aq¶p sa{Xmt¸meo¯amsc AS¡w sNbvXncn¡p¶Xv AhÀ Xmakn¨ncp¶ ]p¯³Nnd ]ÅnbnemsW¶pw Ncn{X hkvXpXbmWv.
sImSp§Ãqcnsâ {]m[m\yw hÀ[n¸n¡p¶ aq¶mas¯ Imcyw, \qäm~pIfmbn ChnsS \ne\n¡p¶ aXkulmÀ±¯nsâ ]mc¼cyamWv. sslµh, apkvvenw, ss{IkvXh kaql§Ä ChnsS Ime§fmbn \ne\nÀ¯nt¸mcp¶Xv Dujvafamb aXkulmÀ±amWv. tNckm{amPy¯nsâ XeØm\ambncp¶ Imew apXte sImSp§ÃqÀ kq£n¡p¶ Cu DÖzeamXrI C¶pw XpScp¶p.
C{Xsbms¡bps~¦nepw Ncn{X¯nsâ KXnhnKXnIfn sImSp§Ãqcnsâ {]m[m\yw ]ecpw ad¶p. kao]Ime¯v "apkncnkv ss]XrI]²Xn'bneqsS sImSp§Ãqcnsâ ]gbIme {]uVn Hcn¡ÂIqSn Is~¯m³ \S¯p¶ {ia§Ä ÇmL\obamWv.
amÀ tXmam sldntäPv A¡mZan sImSp§Ãqcnsâ B[ymßnI ss]XrIs¯¸än IqSpX Bg¯n ]Tn¡m\pw Nn´n¡m\papÅ Ahkcw Hcp¡psa¶mWv {]Xo£. tIcf¯nse kpdnbm\n It¯men¡m kaql¯n\v ap¼n sImSp§Ãqcnsâ Bßob ssNX\yw ho~pw ]p\xØm]n¡pI, sImSp§Ãqcnsâ aXssa{Xn ]mc¼cyw iàns¸Sp¯pI, kmaqlnI {]Xn_²X Du«nbpd¸n¡pI F¶sXms¡bmWv A¡mZanbpsS e£y§Ä.
CXn\mbn A¡mZan ]e Imcy§fpw hn`mh\w sN¿p¶p~v. \½psS ]mc¼cys¯bpw B[ymßnIXsbbpw ss]XrIs¯bpw ]änbpÅ ]T\§Ä, aäp aX§fpambpÅ kw`mjW§fpw NÀ¨Ifpw, tIcf ss{IkvXhcpsS Ncn{Xhpw PohnXhpw ss]XrIhpw Nn{XoIcn¡p¶ ayqknbw F¶nh Ahbn NneXmWv. BZy]Snbmbn hnizmknIÄ¡pÅ ssZhimkv{X¢mkpIÄ Bcw`n¨pIgnªp. sImSp§Ãqcn Xs¶bmbncn¡pw A¡mZanbpsS BØm\w.
"s»kv F tlmw' ]²Xn cq]Xbnse Hmtcm CShIbpw Bthi]qÀhw GsäSp¯pIgnªp. kaql¯n km¼¯nIambn ]n¶m¡w \n¡p¶ IpSpw_§sf klmbn¡m\pÅ ]²XnbmWnXv. Ct¸mÄ Fgp¶qdntesd \nÀ[\ IpSpw_§Ä¡v {]Xnamkw Bbncw cq] hoXw ]²Xnbn \n¶p \ÂIns¡m~ncn¡p¶p. CXn PmXntbm aXtam H¶pw R§Ä t\m¡mdnÃ. CtXmsSm¸w tIcf¯n\p ]pd¯pÅ anj³ cq]XIfnse 80 IpSpw_§Ä¡pw km¼¯nIklmbw \ÂIp¶p~v. Ime{ItaW, klmbw e`yamt¡~ IpSpw_§fpsS F®w hÀ[n¸n¡Wsa¶mWv R§fpsS e£yw.
k·\kpÅ Ht«sdt]À \ÂIp¶ klmbamWv ]²XnbpsS ]n³_ew. Hmtcm Znhkhpw DZmc a\kpIfpsS sNdpXpw hepXpamb kw`mh\IÄ \qdpIW¡n\p IpSpw_§Ä¡p A\p{Kambn HgpInsb¯p¶p.
AhiXb\p`hn¡p¶hscbpw tcmKnIfmbhscbpw \mw F{Xt¯mfw ]cnKWn¡p¶p F¶Xv Hcp]t£, \½psS B[ymßnIXbpsS AfhptImemsW¶p ]dbmw. km´z\hpw klmbhpw ]cnKW\bpw BhiyapÅ Ht«sdt¸À \½psS Npänepap~v. InS¸ptcmKnIÄ DÄs¸sSbpÅ ChÀ¡pth~n Hcp ]p\c[nhmktI{µw. Fsâ a\knepÅ aq¶mas¯ ]²XnbmWnXv. sImSp§Ãqcnse Hcp hyàn CXn\mbn 50 skâv Øew X¶n«p~v. k·\kpIfpsS klmbt¯msS CXpw bmYmÀYyamIpsa¶v F\n¡v {]Xo£bp~v.'
amÀ tXmam Çolmsb¶p tI«m sRc¼pIfn tNmc Xnfbv¡p¶ hyànbmWv Ccn§me¡pSbpsS kmcYnbmb amÀ t]mfnsb¶v taPÀ BÀ¨v _nj]v amÀ tPmÀPv Bet©cn Hcn¡Â ]dªXn ]XncnÃ.
hnip²hpw IÀa\ncXhpamb tXmam ÇolmbpsS hnizmk ss]XrIamWv kuay\mb amÀ t]mfn ]nXmhnsâ kncIfnsemgpIp¶Xv. AXpsIm~v, Ncn{Xhpw ]mc¼cyhpw Nhn«n¡pg¨ Cu a®n \n¶v C\nbpsa{Xsb{X kwcw`§Ä Dbcm\ncn¡p¶psht¶ Adntb~XpÅq.